Macrodactyly is the overgrowth of a finger or toe, often resulting it to be abnormally large. It is seen in children and adolescents. This disproportionate overgrowth of the bony and fibrofatty tissue of a finger or toe of the child is usually present since birth.
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Macrodactyly is the overgrowth of a finger or toe, often resulting it to be abnormally large. It is seen in children and adolescents. This disproportionate overgrowth of the bony and fibrofatty tissue of a finger or toe of the child is usually present since birth.
It is a rare abnormality presenting in 1 out of 1,00,000 live births.
The exact cause is not known. It is definitely not hereditary means it does not run in families. It is related to lipofibromatosis (overdevelopment of the tissues) of the nerve of the finger , vascular malformations , or bony overgrowth.
Macrodactyly can manifest in 2 main forms, including:
It is often associated with syndactyly (joined fingers) in a child.
The presentation of macrodactyly varies with each patient.
A. If the child has static macrodactyly, the affected fingers or toes will be about one and a half times the length and width of the normal adjoining fingers.
B. If the child has progressive macrodactyly, then the involved digits may be huge. This can lead to severe deformities of the foot or hand and can lead to functional impairment also making the child not able to use the hand or foot well.
The following features are seen in the hand or the foot-
MRI is sometimes done to demonstrate other abnormalities present in the overgrown finger or toe.
The main goal of the surgery is to maximize the function of the finger and a better cosmetic match with the other fingers or toes.
In mild cases, only careful observation is advised with regular follow-ups.
In severely deformed fingers or toes or with progressive macrodactyly, surgery is advised which will be done in stages. The surgery cannot be done in a single stage in Macrodactyly as all the components (nerve, vessel, bone, skin, and fat) are larger in the digit.
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Images shown are intended to provide general treatment insight only. Every patient is unique, and outcomes may vary depending on individual condition and treatment plan.
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